IZINDABA

Ngo-2022, umnotho womhlaba wehla kakhulu phakathi nokuqubuka okuphindaphindiwe kwe-COVID-19, ingxabano yaseRussia-Ukraine, inkinga yamandla kanye nokwehla kwamandla emali.Kwezomnotho ezithuthukile, ukwehla komnotho emhlabeni wonke kwenyuse ingozi yokuwohloka komnotho emhlabeni njengoba ukwehla kwamandla emali kuqhubeka nokukhuphuka kanye ne-Federal Reserve ikhuphula amazinga enzalo ngamandla.Izimakethe ezisafufusa kanye nezomnotho ezisathuthuka nazo zibhekana nengcindezi enkulu ohlelweni lokusimama komnotho womhlaba.Amazwe amaningi anomthamo obuthakathaka wokuvimbela ubhubhane kanye nokusekelwa kwenqubomgomo.Izinkinga ezinjengokuphazamiseka kokuhlinzekwa kokudla namandla kanye nokukhuphuka kwentengo kagesi okubangelwa ukungqubuzana phakathi kweRussia ne-Ukraine kushaye la mazwe kakhulu.Lokho kungakhubaza umnotho.Kuyafaneleka ukubalula ukuthi nakuba ukukhula komnotho waseShayina kungase kwehle ngezinga elithile ngo-2022, ngokuqaliswa kancane kancane kwephakethe lezinqubomgomo kanye nezindlela zokulandelela zokusimamisa umnotho, ukuthuthukiswa komnotho waseChina sekuqalile ukukhombisa izimpawu zokusimama nokusimama, kanti u-2023 kulindeleke ukuthi ube injini ebalulekile yokuthuthukisa ukusimama komnotho womhlaba.

Kuzokwenzekani ngesidingo sensimbi emhlabeni wonke ngo-2023?

Ngokwezibikezelo zemiphumela esanda kukhishwa yiMetallurgicalI-Industrial Planning and Research Institute, ngokwesifunda:

E-Asia 

Ngo-2022, ukukhula komnotho wase-Asia kuzobhekana nezinselelo ezinkulu ngenxa yokuqina kwesimo sezimali emhlabeni wonke, ukungqubuzana kweRussia ne-Ukraine kanye nokuwohloka komnotho waseChina.Uma sibheka phambili ku-2023, i-Asia isesimweni esihle sokukhula komhlaba wonke, njengoba ukwehla kwamandla emali kulindeleke ukuthi kwehle ngokushesha futhi ukukhula kudlule okwezinye izifunda.I-International Monetary Fund ibikezela ukukhula kwamaphesenti angu-4.3 ngo-2023. Ukwahlulela okuphelele, i-2023 Asian steel demand imayelana namathani ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-1.273, ukukhula konyaka ngonyaka ngo-0.5%.

EYurophu

Ngemuva kokungqubuzana phakathi kweRussia ne-Ukraine, uchungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kwempahla emhlabeni wonke luba lukhuni, intengo yamandla nokudla iyaqhubeka nokukhuphuka, futhi umnotho waseYurophu uzobhekana nezinselelo ezinkulu nokungaqiniseki ngo-2023. ukushoda kwamandla kagesi, ukukhuphuka kwezindleko zokuphila kwabahlali kanye nokushaywa okukhulu ukuzethemba kwebhizinisi lokutshalwa kwezimali kuzoba yizithiyo ekuthuthukisweni komnotho waseYurophu.Ukwahlulela sekukonke, isidingo sensimbi saseYurophu sango-2023 singamathani ayizigidi eziyi-193, ukwehla konyaka nonyaka ngo-1.4%.

Kusukela ekushintsheni kwesibikezelo sokufunwa kwensimbi ezifundeni ezinkulu zomhlaba:

Ngo-2022, kuthonywe izingxabano phakathi kweRussia-Ukraine kanye nokuwohloka komnotho, ukusetshenziswa kwensimbi e-Asia, eYurophu, emazweni e-CIS naseNingizimu Melika konke kwabonisa ukwehla.Phakathi kwabo, amazwe e-CIS ayethinteka kakhulu ekungqubuzaneni phakathi kweRussia ne-Ukraine, futhi ukuthuthukiswa komnotho wamazwe esifundeni kwavinjelwa kakhulu, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwensimbi kwehla ngo-8.8% unyaka nonyaka.INyakatho Melika, i-Afrika, iMpumalanga Ephakathi, ukusetshenziswa kwensimbi yase-Oceania kubonise umkhuba okhulayo, ukukhula konyaka ngonyaka ka-0.9%, 2.9%, 2.1%, 4.5%.Ngo-2023, kulindeleke ukuthi isidingo sensimbi emazweni e-CIS naseYurophu sizoqhubeka nokwehla, kanti isidingo sensimbi kwezinye izifunda sizokhula kancane.

Kusukela ekushintsheni kwephethini yesidingo sensimbi ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene:

Ngo-2023, isidingo sensimbi sase-Asia sisazothatha indawo yokuqala emhlabeni, sigcine cishe ama-71%.I-Europe kanye neNyakatho Melika zizoqhubeka nokugcina indawo yesibili neyesithathu emhlabeni ngokwengxenye yesidingo sensimbi, phakathi kwazo ingxenye yokufunwa kwensimbi yaseYurophu izokwehla ngamaphesenti angu-0.2 ukuya ku-10.7%, kuyilapho ingxenye yensimbi yaseNyakatho Melika. isidingo sizonyuka ngamaphesenti angu-0.3 sifinyelele ku-7.5%.Ngo-2023, ingxenye yesidingo sensimbi emazweni e-CIS izokwehliswa ibe ngu-2.8%, okufana neMpumalanga Ephakathi;Isidingo sensimbi sase-Afrika naseNingizimu Melika sikhuphuke safinyelela ku-2.3% kanye no-2.4%.

Kafushane, ngokohlaziyo lokuthuthukiswa komnotho emhlabeni wonke kanye nesifunda kanye nesidingo sensimbi, isidingo sensimbi emhlabeni wonke kulindeleke ukuthi sifinyelele amathani ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-1.801 ngo-2023, ngokukhula konyaka nonyaka ngo-0.4%.